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Product introduction and performance characteristics of waste lithium battery crushing and separatio

2022-05-23 15:46:00

Cobalt, lithium, copper and plastics in waste lithium batteries are all valuable resources with extremely high recycling value. Therefore, scientific and effective treatment and disposal of waste lithium batteries not only has significant environmental benefits, but also has good economic benefits. Lithium batteries are mainly composed of shell, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and separator. The positive electrode is formed by coating lithium cobalt oxide powder on both sides of the aluminum foil current collector through PVDF that acts as a bond; the negative electrode structure is similar to the positive electrode, and is composed of carbon powder bonded to both sides of the copper foil current collector. At present, research on the recycling of waste lithium batteries mainly focuses on the recovery of high-value cathode precious metals cobalt and lithium, and there are few reports on the separation and recovery of anode materials. In order to alleviate the increasingly serious problems of resource shortage and environmental pollution caused by rapid economic development, it has become a global consensus to realize full-component recycling of waste materials.

Lithium Battery Recycling Machine

Lithium Battery Recycling Machine

The copper in the negative electrode of the waste lithium battery (content is about 35%) is an important production raw material widely used, and the carbon powder adhered to it can be used as additives such as plastics and rubbers. Therefore, the effective separation of the negative electrode constituent materials of the waste lithium battery has a driving effect on maximizing the resource utilization of the waste lithium battery and eliminating its corresponding environmental impact. Commonly used waste lithium battery recycling methods include hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and mechanical physics. Compared with the wet method and the fire method, the mechanical physical method does not need chemical reagents and consumes less energy. It is an environmentally friendly and efficient method. Based on the structural characteristics of the negative electrode of lithium batteries, the author of this paper adopts the combined process of crushing and screening and air separation to carry out separation and enrichment research to realize the efficient separation and recovery of copper, aluminum and carbon powder in the negative electrode of waste lithium batteries.

Performance characteristics

1. Through the combined process of hammer crushing, vibration screening and air separation, the resource utilization of metal copper and carbon powder in the negative electrode material of waste lithium battery can be realized.

2. The negative electrode material can be effectively separated from the carbon powder and the copper foil after being crushed by hammer vibration, and then the copper foil and the carbon powder can be preliminarily separated by vibration sieving based on the difference in size and shape between the particles. The results of hammer peeling and sieving separation show that copper and carbon powder are enriched in the particle size range with particle size greater than 0.250 mm and particle size less than 0.125 mm, respectively, with grades as high as 92.4% and 96.6%, respectively, which can be directly sent to downstream enterprises for recycling use.

3. For crushed particles with a particle size of 0.125~0.250 mm and a low copper grade, air separation can be used to achieve effective separation between copper and carbon powder. When the air velocity is 1.00 m/s, a good recovery effect can be achieved. , the recovery rate of metallic copper can reach 92.3%, and the grade can reach 84.4%

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