Rough -handed refining technology equipment

Roughly refining equipment is used to refine the useful ingredients in the original materials and remove the impurities and unnecessary substances. It is widely used in many industries, including the petroleum industry, chemical industry, metal smelting, food processing, etc.

1. Technical classification of rough and refined equipment:

Physical refining technology: separate and purify raw materials through physical means. Common physical refining technologies include centrifugal separation, distillation, filtration, crystallization, etc.

Chemical refinement technology: Use chemical reactions to deal with raw materials for treatment and transformation. For example, acid -base neutral, oxidation reactions, reduction reactions, etc.

Second, common rude refining equipment:

Distillation tower: The distillation tower is a commonly used physical refining equipment for different components in the liquid mixture. It uses the boiling point differences of different components to perform multiple steam fluid balances in the tower to gradually purify the target component.

Filtering equipment: Filtering equipment is used to separate solid particles or suspended substances and liquids. Common filtration equipment includes filter paper, filter cloth, filter cylinder, etc., to achieve solid fluid separation through different filtration mechanisms.

Crystal equipment: Crystal equipment is used to crystallize the soluble substances in the solution to achieve the extraction and separation of pure substances. Common crystalline equipment include condensate crystallizers, vacuum crystallizers, etc.

Centrifuge: The centrifuge is separated by rotating the solid particles or liquid in the mixture by rotating the centrifugal force, which is suitable for solid liquid separation and liquid separation.

Reactor: The reactor is used to perform chemical reactions, which can control the reaction conditions (such as temperature, pressure) and reaction time to achieve the transformation and purity of raw materials.

Third, the principle of rough and refined equipment:

The principle of rough and refined equipment is separated and purified based on the physical properties, chemical properties or biological characteristics of matter. The principles of different devices are slightly different. The following uses distillation tower as an example.

The principle of distillation tower is based on the boiling point differences of different components. In the distillation tower, the raw material mixture is heated, which vaporizes the components with lower boiling points and forms steam. The cooling agent in the upper condenser of the steam is contacted, condensed into liquid, and is separated from the target component. The liquid flows along the lower part of the tower and flows up step by step, and contacts the steam rising in the tower. In the end, the high boiling point components were discharged at the bottom of the tower, and the low -boiling point components were collected in the steam on the top of the tower.

During the distillation process, the effects in the tower are divided into multiple theoretical boards or fillers to increase the heat transfer effect. Common fillers include mesh fillers, ring fillers, etc., to increase the surface area and contact effect.

Roughly refined equipment is a device used to refine the useful ingredients in original materials and mixtures. It can be separated and purified based on physical, chemical or biological principles. Common rude refined equipment include distillation tower, filter, crystalline equipment, centrifugal machines and reactors. These equipment are widely used in the fields of oil industry, chemical industry, metal smelting and food processing. Understanding the principles and applications of these equipment can help us better understand the process and technology of rough and refined refining.